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Animation Summary — Buy Download — Testimonials
Animation Summary — G-proteins are cell membrane-spanning proteins that detect and convey extracellular messages by numerous cellular signaling agents, including peptide hormones and sensory stimuli. G-proteins convert the extracellular messages into intracellular second messengers that direct the cell to respond physiologically. G-proteins are major targets for drug discovery and design for new pharmaceuticals.
Scene-1 demonstrates how a signaling molecule such as a hypothetical peptide hormone interacts with an extracellular receptor binding site to convey its message to the cell followed by a cellular response such as a cation channel opening to produce a depolarization in the cell membrane as the cellular response.
Scene 2 explains how the hormone signal is conveyed from the hormone to the receptor, through the cell plasma membrane, into the cell and activates a G-protein associated with the receptor. The scene then shows the details of how the G-protein then starts a cascade of intracellular second messengers that ultimately activate a protein kinase enzyme.
Scene 3 shows how the activated protein kinase phosphorylates a membrane cation channel to activate the channel and cause it to open so that cations can diffuse into the cell and produce a membrane depolarization as the cellular physiological response to the initial hormonal signal.
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Direct Download - $10
(Flash format --1.2 MB)
Instructions
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